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Objective: Although quantitative research has begun to establish an evidence base for self-directed care (SDC) in mental health, less is known about how people with serious mental illness experience this care, especially in relati...
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Objective: Although quantitative research has begun to establish an evidence base for self-directed care (SDC) in mental health, less is known about how people with serious mental illness experience this care, especially in relation to having choices and making decisions. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the extent to which people with serious mental illness experienced a greater degree of choice as a result of their participation in an SDC intervention and how their experience of having choices was related to the fulfillment of three psychological needs (competence, autonomy, and relatedness) identified by self-determination theory.
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Participation in various aspects of community life (e.g., education, employment) plays a critical role in fostering young adult development and health. To support behavioral health services in addressing a broader array of meaning...
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Participation in various aspects of community life (e.g., education, employment) plays a critical role in fostering young adult development and health. To support behavioral health services in addressing a broader array of meaningful community participation areas, the current study examined the participation interests of young adults with serious mental illnesses via a literature review and focus groups interviews. Literature review results revealed a range of community participation areas of interest to these individuals, including employment, education, religion and spirituality, social networking (e.g., using social media), volunteering activities, socializing, and civic and artistic participation (e.g., attending a political event, playing music). Focus group participants named many of these same areas, but also mentioned unique areas of participation that have not been the focus of previous research (i.e., playing games, sports, exploration of other communities (e.g., traveling), hanging out, and nature-based participation). Implications for future research and behavioral health practice are discussed.
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Background: Smoking and lack of physical activity (PA) contribute to disproportionate rates of disease among low-income adults. Interventions that simultaneously address both risk behaviors have strong potential to reduce health d...
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Background: Smoking and lack of physical activity (PA) contribute to disproportionate rates of disease among low-income adults. Interventions that simultaneously address both risk behaviors have strong potential to reduce health disparities. Existing smoking-PA studies indicate promising results but have limited generalizability to low-income populations. The goal of this study is to assess the effects of an integrated behavioral counseling approach to promote low-to-moderate intensity PA (LMPA) and reduce short-term smoking cue reactivity among low-income sedentary smokers.
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Background: The prebariatric surgery assessment process can be challenging to patients and serve as a barrier to surgery. There is limited evidence to support its utility in improving postoperative outcomes for the majority of patients.
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Aims Improved sense of coherence (SOC) can protect health among individuals with depression. Literature suggests that leisure behavior can improve SOC, yet empirical studies are lacking. The current study aimed to examine whether ...
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Aims Improved sense of coherence (SOC) can protect health among individuals with depression. Literature suggests that leisure behavior can improve SOC, yet empirical studies are lacking. The current study aimed to examine whether leisure behavior was associated with SOC and depression. Methods A cross-sectional online survey method was used with a sample of community-living adults (62% female, age 18-75 years) with a self-reported current or historical diagnosis of depression recruited from four different depression-related populations. Results The results of structural equation modeling found that leisure behavior predicted greater SOC as well as lower depressive symptoms. Greater SOC was associated with lower perceived stress and lower depressive symptoms. The total effect size, including both direct and indirect association between leisure behavior and depressive symptoms was 0.452. Conclusion The findings suggested the potential benefits of leisure behavior on SOC and depressive symptoms.
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Available literature points to healthcare providers' discomfort with donation after cardiac death (DCD) and their perception of public reluctance toward the procedure. Using a national sample, we report on the communication conten...
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Available literature points to healthcare providers' discomfort with donation after cardiac death (DCD) and their perception of public reluctance toward the procedure. Using a national sample, we report on the communication content of actual DCD and donation after brain death (DBD) approaches by organ procurement organization (OPO) requesters and compare family decision makers' (FDMs') experiences of both modalities. We recruited 1601 FDMs using a validated protocol; 347 (21.7%) were of potential DCD donors. Semistructured telephone interviews yielded FDMs' sociodemographic data, donation attitudes, assessment of approach, final outcomes, and substantiating reasons. Initial analysis consisted of bivariate analyses. Multilevel mixture models compared groups representing authorization outcome and DCD/DBD status. No significant differences in family authorization were found between DCD and DBD cases. Statistically significant associations were found between sociodemographic characteristics and authorization, with white FDMs more likely to authorize DCD or DBD than black FDMs. FDMs of both modalities had similar evaluations of requester skills, topics discussed, satisfaction, and refusal reasons. The findings suggest that the DCD/DBD distinction may not be notable to families. We recommend the use of similar approach strategies and communication skills and the development of education campaigns about the public's acceptance of DCD.
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With the emergence of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) for transplantation, donation professionals' ability to obtain authorization for these anatomical gifts has become paramount for its continued practice. Our national s...
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With the emergence of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) for transplantation, donation professionals' ability to obtain authorization for these anatomical gifts has become paramount for its continued practice. Our national study examines the experience of organ procurement organization (OPO) professionals responsible for presenting the opportunity to donate VCAs to families of deceased donor-eligible patients. Semi-structured telephone interviews conducted with 157 OPO staff assessed experience with VCA discussions, VCA knowledge, and comfort, confidence, and feeling prepared with discussions about different VCA types. Standard procedures were used to code and analyze the qualitative data and summarize the quantitative data. Most respondents (70.1%) never held a VCA donation discussion, but those with experience reported overall low levels of knowledge, comfort, and confidence talking with families about VCA. Although 44.4% of the sample had VCA-related training, many felt unprepared, with most (75.0%) stating the training was insufficient. Participants without experience indicated even lower ratings of the aforementioned constructs. Findings support extant work demonstrating that no standardized procedures exist for VCA donation discussions; however, donation professionals are willing to adopt new VCA-related skills. This report concludes that sustained and content-specific training will elevate donation professionals' ability to augment the supply of VCAs available for transplantation.
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